Ultraviolet Light in Water and Wastewater Sanitation

Only a few books are available on the subjects of ultraviolet (UV) radiation and its industrial applications in water treatment and sanitation, or on general aspects that maybe related to these applications. Refer to books by: [Ellis, 1941; Jagger, 1967; Guillerme, 1974; Kiefer, 1977; Phillips, 1983; Braun, 1986]; and some overview papers exist on UV application to water sanitation; refer to [Gelzhäuser, 1985; Masschelein, 1991, 1996].
A few overview documents also exist [Jepson, 1973; U.S. Department of Commerce, 1979; Scheible, 1985; Gelzhäuser, 1985; Masschelein, 1991, 1996; J. Water Supply—AQUA, 1992]. In 1997, the Water Environmental Federation (WEF) published a digest on disinfection in which UV (mainly for wastewater treatment) is reported extensively.
Using animal infectivity as a method of evaluation has indicated that Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts may be inactivated significantly by UV irradiation in water treatment. (For further details, see Chapter 3, Table 9.) This finding has thrust UV treatment into the forefront of potable water treatment.